Coastal Risk Reduction for Coastal Populations under Potential Natural Vegetation

Relative value of coastal and marine habitats for reducing the risk of erosion and inundation from storms for people who live near the coast. These data are results of global modeling of coastal risk, based on the InVEST Coastal Vulnerability model, created for the Natural Capital Alliance's corporate asset footprinting project. Model runs were done with a land cover map that was converted to all potential natural vegetation to allow estimation of the ecosystem services that could have been provided by an area on the landscape if a corporate asset had not been built. Values are unitless, representing a relative index of the coastal risk reduced by habitat multiplied by the number of people within the protective distance of the habitat. Download the metadata (YML) file for more information.

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Field	Value
Author	Natural Capital Alliance, Stanford University
Tags	COASTAL COASTAL RISK COASTAL VULNERABILITY FOOTPRINT IMPACT TOOL
Places	GLOBAL
Last Updated	January 12, 2026, 21:37 (UTC)
Created	November 22, 2024, 00:54 (UTC)
Natcap Last Updated	2026-01-12T21:37:42.752724+00:00

Cite this dataset

Mandle, L., Shea, A., Soth, E. et al. An open-source approach for measuring corporate impacts on ecosystem services and biodiversity. Commun Earth Environ 5, 625 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01797-7

Embed this layer into your website

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Use this data in Python

from osgeo import gdal

raster = gdal.OpenEx('/vsicurl/https://data.naturalcapitalalliance.stanford.edu/download/natcap-projects/footprint-impact-tool-data/footprint-impact-tool-data/coastal_risk_reduction_service/coastal_risk_reduction_for_coastal_populations_thresholded.tif')
band = raster.GetRasterBand(1)
array = band.ReadAsArray(
    xoff=my_window_x_offset,
    yoff=my_window_y_offset,
    win_xsize=my_window_width_in_pixels,
    win_ysize=my_window_height_in_pixels)